1、 Science Popularization Purpose

Through systematic popularization of porcelain appraisal knowledge, we aim to enhance customers' understanding of porcelain, strengthen their trust in the professionalism of the company's appraisal, and meet the learning needs of collectors, buyers, and porcelain enthusiasts for porcelain appraisal knowledge. This will create a good atmosphere for cultural exchange and help promote the dissemination and development of porcelain culture.

2、 Popular science target audience

Targeting the company's customer base, including porcelain collectors, buyers, potential customers, as well as the general public and porcelain culture enthusiasts who are interested in porcelain.

3、 Science popularization content

（1） The importance of porcelain identification

1. Ensuring transaction security: Accurately identifying the authenticity and value of porcelain in porcelain collection and trading can avoid economic losses for collectors and buyers, ensure fair and just transactions, and maintain market order.

2. Inheriting cultural values: Porcelain carries rich historical and cultural information, and scientific identification helps to deeply study the history, art, and craftsmanship behind porcelain, promoting the inheritance and protection of traditional culture.

（2） Core points of porcelain identification

1. Fetal quality identification

Texture observation: There are differences in the texture of porcelain bodies from different eras and kilns. The texture of Song Dynasty porcelain is delicate, while the texture of Yuan Dynasty porcelain is relatively coarse. You can feel its delicacy by touch and observe whether there are pores, impurities, etc.

Color identification: The color of porcelain bodies varies in different periods. For example, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, Jingdezhen porcelain bodies were mostly white, while during the Tang dynasty, Xing kiln white porcelain bodies were as white as snow. Observe the color of the tire body cross-section and determine its historical characteristics based on historical data.

Weight perception: Due to differences in clay formula and firing process, the weight of porcelain also has its own characteristics. Generally speaking, for porcelain of the same size, the weight of older porcelain may differ from modern porcelain due to differences in firing temperature and raw materials.

2. Glaze color identification

◦ Glaze color types: Understand the common glaze colors in different periods, such as the five famous kilns of the Song Dynasty. Ru kiln is famous for its sky blue glaze, official kiln glaze is mainly pink blue, and Ge kiln has the characteristic of "golden wire and iron wire" with open glaze; During the Ming and Qing dynasties, glazes such as blue and white, pink, and enamel were widely used.

Glaze texture: Observe the glossiness, transparency, and uniformity of the glaze surface. The glaze surface of ancient porcelain has gone through time and often presents a warm and soft luster, while the glaze surface of new imitation porcelain may be too bright and dazzling or too dim.

◦ Opening and bubbles: Some porcelain pieces have opening phenomena, such as the unique pattern of opening patterns in Song Dynasty Ge kiln porcelain. Meanwhile, by observing the size, density, and distribution of bubbles in the glaze through a magnifying glass, the characteristics of bubbles in porcelain from different eras also vary.

3. Shape identification

Era style: The shape of porcelain is closely related to the social, cultural, and aesthetic concepts of the time. For example, Tang Dynasty porcelain had a full and atmospheric shape, often featuring obesity as its beauty; The design of Song Dynasty porcelain tended towards simplicity and elegance, emphasizing the smoothness of lines.

◦ Type evolution: Understand the development and evolution process of various types of porcelain types, such as bottle porcelain, from early pan mouth bottles to later plum vases, jade pot spring vases, etc., whose shapes and proportions have changed at different times.

◦ Production process traces: Observe the interfaces, soles, and other parts of the porcelain to determine its production process. Ancient porcelain was mostly handmade, leaving traces of craftsmanship, while modern machine-made porcelain is relatively neat and uniform.

4. Identification of decorative patterns

Theme content: Porcelain patterns from different historical periods have rich and diverse themes, reflecting the social life, religious beliefs, and cultural customs of that time. The dragon patterns in Ming Dynasty porcelain are fierce in form, while those in Qing Dynasty are even more majestic and solemn; The blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty often had decorative patterns such as opera stories, characters, landscapes, etc.

Painting techniques: Understand different painting techniques, such as outlining and coloring blue and white porcelain, rendering techniques for pink porcelain, etc. The ancient porcelain patterns are delicately drawn with smooth and natural lines, while new imitations may have problems such as stiff lines and inconsistent color combinations.

Decoration layout: Observe whether the layout of decorations on porcelain is reasonable and in line with the aesthetic and decorative style of the time. For example, the decoration layout of Qing Dynasty official kiln porcelain was rigorous and symmetrical, while that of civilian kiln porcelain was relatively free and lively.

5. Identification and recognition

Type of inscription: Porcelain inscriptions include chronological inscriptions, hall name inscriptions, personal name inscriptions, auspicious language inscriptions, etc. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, official kiln porcelain often had imperial year names, such as the "Great Ming Xuande Year System" and "Great Qing Qianlong Year System"; Some literati and scholars customize porcelain with famous styles.

Font characteristics: The font style, writing method, stroke thickness, and structural layout of different periods have their unique features. For example, during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the style fonts were elegant, while during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the style fonts were strong and powerful.

◦ Identification of Authenticity: Observe the writing marks, color depth, and overall coordination with the porcelain on the identification. Authentic inscriptions are written naturally and blend seamlessly with the porcelain glaze; Imitation style recognition may have issues such as font distortion, uneven color, and stiff brushstrokes.

（3） Practical appraisal skills

1. Comparison method: Collect pictures and specimens of standard porcelain from different eras and kilns, or visit museums and exhibitions to compare the porcelain to be identified with standard vessels. Analyze the differences one by one from the aspects of body material, glaze color, shape, decoration, etc.

2. Observation method: With the help of magnifying glasses, microscopes, and other tools, carefully observe the microscopic characteristics of porcelain, such as the bubble morphology of the glaze, the particle structure of the body, and the details of the brush strokes of the patterns, and make judgments based on historical data and experience.

3. Seek advice from experts: When encountering difficult to identify porcelain, promptly seek advice from professional porcelain appraisal experts, listen to their opinions and suggestions, and learn from their appraisal ideas and methods.

4、 Science popularization form

（1） Online Science Popularization

1. Official website column: Set up a "Porcelain Appraisal Knowledge Popularization" column on the company's official website, regularly publishing appraisal knowledge articles, case studies, and appraisal skills video tutorials with illustrations and text, making it convenient for users to learn and refer to them at any time.

2. Social media platform: through social media platforms such as WeChat official account, microblog and Tiktok, science popularization is carried out in the form of short video, image and text push, live broadcast, etc. For example, a series of short videos of identification knowledge were released on Tiktok, a question and answer activity of identification knowledge was carried out on WeChat official account, and a topic discussion on porcelain identification was launched on Weibo to enhance interaction with users.

3. Online lectures and training: Invite company appraisal experts or well-known industry experts to conduct live online lectures, explain porcelain appraisal knowledge, and set up interactive sessions to answer user questions. Regularly organize online appraisal training courses to systematically teach appraisal methods and techniques.

（2） Offline Science Popularization

1. Appraisal knowledge lecture: Hold offline porcelain appraisal knowledge lectures in the company, invite experts to give on-site lectures, and explain appraisal points and practical skills to customers and porcelain enthusiasts. After the lecture, an interactive communication session will be set up to allow participants to communicate and discuss with experts up close.

2. Physical appraisal experience activity: Organize physical appraisal experience activities, provide some standard porcelain and porcelain to be appraised, and allow participants to personally observe and touch the porcelain under the guidance of experts, use their learned knowledge for preliminary appraisal, and deepen their understanding and mastery of appraisal methods.

3. Collaborative Exhibition Science Popularization: Cooperate with museums and art institutions to hold porcelain exhibitions, set up appraisal knowledge popularization areas at the exhibition site, popularize porcelain appraisal knowledge to visitors through exhibition boards, multimedia displays, etc., and arrange professional personnel to give on-site explanations.

5、 Science Popularization Program

1. Short term plan (1-3 months): Complete the construction of an online science popularization column, publish 5-8 appraisal knowledge articles and 3-5 appraisal skill videos; Publish 10-15 popular science content on social media platforms and conduct 1-2 online live lectures; Organize 1-2 offline appraisal knowledge lectures.

2. Medium term plan (3-6 months): Continuously update online popular science content and add online certification training courses; Initiate a porcelain appraisal knowledge competition on social media platforms; Organize one porcelain exhibition and science popularization activity with partner institutions; Organize 2-3 offline physical appraisal experience activities.

3. Long term plan (more than 6 months): Establish a comprehensive knowledge popularization system for porcelain identification and form branded popular science activities; Regularly follow up with users, collect feedback, and continuously optimize the content and form of science popularization; Expand channels for science popularization cooperation and enhance the influence and coverage of science popularization activities.